Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻupena kaula palekana e pale i nā kānaka a me nā mea mai ka hāʻule ʻana a i ʻole e pale a hōʻemi i ka pōʻino o nā mea hāʻule, e pale i ka palekana o nā limahana hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hele wāwae a mālama i ka maʻemaʻe o ka pūnaewele. He kiʻekiʻe ka ʻupena kaula, ʻaʻole i emi iho ka ʻupena kaula palekana maʻamau ma mua o 800 mesh 100 square centimeters, a ʻo ka nui o Dongyuan mesh he kiʻekiʻe e like me 2000 mesh / 100 square centimeters. No laila, hiki iā ia ke pale i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā mea me lalo o 100 mau kenimika huinahalike a emi mai paha, a ua oi loa aku kona hana palekana ma mua o na mea like e ae. E hoohana ana i ke ano wiliwili kuikawa o ke kaulahao pololei he nui-puka hale, oia hoi e ka hui o na kaulahao pololei a me kekahi hui o na wili reciprocating ma o ekolu. ʻO nā huila kaulahao pololei i haku ʻia me ka mesh.Ua paʻa ka mesh a ʻaʻole i paheʻe, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka mesh e deform, a ʻo ka nui o ka mesh paʻa.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻupena kaula: ʻupena pālahalaha (P), ʻupena (L), ʻano mesh kaula palekana (ML), ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ke kaula ʻaoʻao, teesh, ke kaula tendon, ke kaula ʻupena.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻupena kaula palekana mesh me ke kino ʻupena, ke apo apo, ke kaula ʻaoʻao a me ka tether hou.

ʻO ke kino a me ka mechanical o ka ʻupena kaula palekana, ʻo ia nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi nui e hoʻoponopono ai i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻupena kaula palekana.

ʻO ka ʻupena kaula palekana ʻo Dense mesh ka mea nui: ka haʻihaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika, ka haki ʻana i ka elongation, ka ikaika tensile hui, ka ikaika haehae, ke kū ʻana i ke komo ʻana, ka wikiwiki o ka haki ʻana o ka ikaika ma hope o ka ʻelemakule, ka hana pale ahi o ka huelo ikaika o ka puka apo hāmama.

ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻupena ke hoʻololi i ka ʻupena palahalaha, pono e like me ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ukana e ʻike ai ma waena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻupena pālahalaha a i ʻole ka ʻupena. o ka upena.ʻOi aku ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia a ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o ka ʻupena.

ʻO ka ʻupena kaula he maikaʻi ka ea permeability, a ʻaʻole pili i ka mālamalama o ka lā.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hana paʻa a hoʻonani i ke kahua kūkulu, no laila ʻoi aku ka kaulana i ka mākeke.

He hui kūikawā ʻo Dongyuan i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻupena kaula, ka ʻupena, ka ʻupena huki, ke kaula plastik, ka ʻupena kaʻa, ka ʻeke pūnaewele, ke kaula hānau, ka maʻa, ka sila a me nā huahana pili ʻē aʻe, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia ka maikaʻi, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea e pono ai. mākou.